West Bank (2003)

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West Bank 2003 year


Age structure	0-14 years: 44.1% (male 505,880; female 481,369) 15-64 years: 52.4% (male 598,992; female 572,511) 65 years and over: 3.5% (male 33,688; female 44,754) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	olives, citrus, vegetables; beef, dairy products
Airports	3 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 5,860 sq km land: 5,640 sq km water: 220 sq km note: includes West Bank, Latrun Salient, and the northwest quarter of the Dead Sea, but excludes Mt. Scopus; East Jerusalem and Jerusalem No Man's Land are also included only as a means of depicting the entire area occupied by Israel in 1967
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Delaware
Background	The Israel-PLO Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements (the DOP), signed in Washington on 13 September 1993, provided for a transitional period not exceeding five years of Palestinian interim self-government in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. Under the DOP, Israel agreed to transfer certain powers and responsibilities to the Palestinian Authority, which includes the Palestinian Legislative Council elected in January 1996, as part of the interim self-governing arrangements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. A transfer of powers and responsibilities for the Gaza Strip and Jericho took place pursuant to the Israel-PLO 4 May 1994 Cairo Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area and in additional areas of the West Bank pursuant to the Israel-PLO 28 September 1995 Interim Agreement, the Israel-PLO 15 January 1997 Protocol Concerning Redeployment in Hebron, the Israel-PLO 23 October 1998 Wye River Memorandum, and the 4 September 1999 Sharm el-Sheikh Agreement. The DOP provides that Israel will retain responsibility during the transitional period for external security and for internal security and public order of settlements and Israeli citizens. Direct negotiations to determine the permanent status of Gaza and West Bank had begun in September 1999 after a three-year hiatus, but have been derailed by a second intifadah that broke out in September 2000. The resulting widespread violence in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, Israel's military response, and instability within the Palestinian Authority continue to undermine progress toward a permanent agreement.
Birth rate	34.07 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $930 million expenditures: $1.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $15 million note: includes Gaza Strip (2000 est.)
Climate	temperate; temperature and precipitation vary with altitude, warm to hot summers, cool to mild winters
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: West Bank
Currency	new Israeli shekel (ILS); Jordanian dinar (JOD)
Death rate	4.16 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	$108 million (includes Gaza Strip) (1997 est.)
Disputes - international	West Bank and Gaza Strip are Israeli-occupied with current status subject to the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement - permanent status to be determined through further negotiation
Economic aid - recipient	$800 million (includes Gaza Strip) (2001 est.)
Economy - overview	Real per capita GDP for the West Bank and Gaza Strip (WBGS) declined by about one-third between 1992 and 1996 due to the combined effect of falling aggregate incomes and rapid population growth. The downturn in economic activity was largely the result of Israeli closure policies - the imposition of border closures in response to security incidents in Israel - which disrupted labor and commodity market relationships between Israel and the WBGS. The most serious social effect of this downturn was rising unemployment; unemployment in the WBGS during the 1980s was generally under 5%; by 1995 it had risen to over 20%. Israel's use of comprehensive closures during the next five years decreased and, in 1998, Israel implemented new policies to reduce the impact of closures and other security procedures on the movement of Palestinian goods and labor. These changes fueled an almost three-year-long economic recovery in the West Bank and Gaza Strip; real GDP grew by 5% in 1998 and 6% in 1999. Recovery was upended in the last quarter of 2000 with the outbreak of violence, which triggered tight Israeli closures of Palestinian self-rule areas and severely disrupted trade and labor movements. In 2001, and even more severely in 2002, Israeli military measures in Palestinian Authority areas have resulted in the destruction of much capital plant and administrative structure, widespread business closures, and a sharp drop in GDP. Another major loss has been the decline in earnings of Palestinian workers in Israel. International aid of $2 billion in 2001-02 to the West Bank and Gaza Strip have prevented the complete collapse of the economy.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh
Electricity - imports	NA kWh
Electricity - production	NA kWh; note - most electricity imported from Israel; East Jerusalem Electric Company buys and distributes electricity to Palestinians in East Jerusalem and its concession in the West Bank; the Israel Electric Company directly supplies electricity to most Jewish residents and military facilities; some Palestinian municipalities, such as Nablus and Janin, generate their own electricity from small power plants
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0%
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Dead Sea -408 m highest point: Tall Asur 1,022 m
Environment - current issues	adequacy of fresh water supply; sewage treatment
Ethnic groups	Palestinian Arab and other 83%, Jewish 17%
Exchange rates	new Israeli shekels per US dollar - 4.7378 (2002), 4.2057 (2001), 4.0773 (2000), 4.1397 (1999), 3.8001 (1998), 3.4494 (1997); Jordanian dinars per US dollar - fixed rate of 0.7090 (from 1996)
Exports	$603 million f.o.b., includes Gaza Strip
Exports - commodities	olives, fruit, vegetables, limestone
Exports - partners	Israel, Jordan, Gaza Strip (2000)
Fiscal year	calendar year (since 1 January 1992)
GDP	purchasing power parity - $1.7 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 9% industry: 28% services: 63% note: includes Gaza Strip (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $800 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-22% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	32 00 N, 35 15 E
Geography - note	landlocked; highlands are main recharge area for Israel's coastal aquifers; there are 242 Israeli settlements and civilian land use sites in the West Bank and 29 in East Jerusalem (February 2002 est.)
Highways	total: 4,500 km paved: 2,700 km unpaved: 1,800 km note: Israelis have developed many highways to service Jewish settlements (1997 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	NA kWh
Imports	$1.9 billion c.i.f., includes Gaza Strip
Imports - commodities	food, consumer goods, construction materials
Imports - partners	Israel, Jordan, Gaza Strip (2000)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%
Industries	generally small family businesses that produce cement, textiles, soap, olive-wood carvings, and mother-of-pearl souvenirs; the Israelis have established some small-scale, modern industries in the settlements and industrial centers
Infant mortality rate	total: 20.68 deaths/1,000 live births male: 22.86 deaths/1,000 live births female: 18.37 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.2% (includes Gaza Strip) (2001 est.)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	8 (1999)
Irrigated land	NA sq km
Labor force	NA
Labor force - by occupation	services 66%, industry 21%, agriculture 13% (1996)
Land boundaries	total: 404 km border countries: Israel 307 km, Jordan 97 km
Land use	arable land: NEGL% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages	Arabic, Hebrew (spoken by Israeli settlers and many Palestinians), English (widely understood)
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 72.68 years male: 70.95 years female: 74.51 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	definition: NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA%
Location	Middle East, west of Jordan
Map references	Middle East
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA%
Nationality	noun: NA adjective: NA
Natural hazards	droughts
Natural resources	arable land
Net migration rate	3.07 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Population	2,237,194 (July 2002 est.) note: in addition, there are about 187,000 Israeli settlers in the West Bank and fewer than 177,000 in East Jerusalem (February 2002 est.) (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	60% (2002 est.)
Population growth rate	3.3% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	none
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 note: the Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation broadcasts from an AM station in Ramallah on 675 kHz; numerous local, private stations are reported to be in operation (2000)
Railways	0 km
Religions	Muslim 75% (predominantly Sunni), Jewish 17%, Christian and other 8%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: NA note: Israeli company BEZEK and the Palestinian company PALTEL are responsible for communication services in the West Bank
Telephones - main lines in use	95,729 (total for West Bank and Gaza Strip) (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA
Television broadcast stations	NA
Terrain	mostly rugged dissected upland, some vegetation in west, but barren in east
Total fertility rate	4.65 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	50% (includes Gaza Strip) (2002 est.)
Waterways	none

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